Source 3: Shen Bochen (1918) “Struggle between North and South” (Cartoon)

Source 3: Shen Bochen (1918) “Struggle between North and South” (Cartoon)

Fighting between rival warlords

This cartoon appeared in one of China's first popular satirical magazines, Shanghai Puck. Three are two rival warlords from the north and south of China, the victim being Chinese citizens. Shen also used English in his cartoons as he wished for westerners to better understand the Chinese political situation. Using English was also a method to avoid censorship of critical statements.

Shen Bochen

Shanghai Puck

Arthur Waldron The Warlord: Twentieth-Century Chinese Understandings of Violence, Militarism, and Imperialism https://www.jstor.org/stable/2164996?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents

1918